What is Pediatic Cancer?

Pediatric Cancer is a generic term for all types of Cancers that impact kids (under the age of 18). Cancer begins when abnormal cells grow uncontrolled. There are many factors in how it spreads, and what it attaches to, resulting in differences in what the prognosis is and how to treat it. The goal of treatment is the stop the growth of the cells, and to kill or remove the cells that already exist. The specific situation, type, and makeup of your loved ones cancer will determine many of the unknowns in dealing with your Cancer.

What are the types of Pediatric Cancer?

Typically, Pediatric Cancers fall into 1 of the following categories. Keep in mind that Adult Cancers are not applicable:

• Neuroblastoma
• Leukemia
• Brain cancers
• Rhabdomyosarcoma and other soft tissue sarcomas
• Bone cancers
• Retinoblastoma

How are cancers in our kids different than those adults get?

While they share the name with Adult Cancer, there are differences. Pediatric Cancers originate in different places, often spread more quickly, respond differently to treatments, and are less likely to be the result of environmental factors (diet, exposure, smoking,etc). The Biology, or the makeup of the cancer cells are also different, meaning treatments differ as well.

Are there different types?

While they share the name with Adult Cancer, there are differences. Pediatric Cancers originate in different places, often spread more quickly, respond differently to treatments, and are less likely to be the result of environmental factors (diet, exposure, smoking,etc). The Biology, or the makeup of the cancer cells are also different, meaning treatments differ as well.

What is the difference between survival rates and cure rates?

Survival rates refers to time a child is alive post diagnosis. That could mean with the disease still present. A cure is typically identified as no evidence of disease (NED) 5 years after diagnosis. Survival and cure rates continue to rise, but there is still much to be done.

Is my loved one in the right place for treatment?

As you begin your journey or have to adjust during the battle, where your loved one is treated is an important decision. As that decision is made, it’s important you understand all options available to you.There are several factors that go into where to go for treatment. Can you get treatment locally? Will your work situation accommodate getting treatment out of town? Is child care impacted? All are trumped by the most important factor – where is your loved one going to receive the best care.

Most Children’s Hospitals belong to a Research Consortium hospitals around the country share information, run trials, and collectively help come up with the best treatment plans. There are minor differences between each. It is recommended that you review what major research centers are, as well as how they would treat your specific diagnosis. Don’t be afraid to get other opinions! Most doctors will understand, and discuss your case with whomever you are willing to discuss with. You will feel many things during your journey – doubt is not one you want do address.

Shortly after Nicholas was diagnosed, we researched as many sites and sources of information as we could find. This site is designed to help you in that process. Visit our support section to review treatment centers, and options.

What are the treatments to fight these specific cancers?

Treatment programs vary based on your specific diagnosis, stage of the disease, and in some cases, the makeup of the disease that you will be fighting. In some cases, surgery may be the only requirement. In other cases, chemotherapy, radiation, and a combination of other treatment options may be required. In recent years, researchers have been focused on improving quality of life for kids and families going through treatments, reducing the harsh side effects of treatments, and reducing recovery time. Our Cancer type link will point you to the specifics on your battle.

How is it diagnosed? Are there signs to look out for?

This is a major gap in Pediatric Cancer. Today, there is no screening process for diagnosis. As a result, man times, the diagnosis is delayed. Many cases (as in our case with Nicholas) show multiple misses by physicians before the diagnosis is finally accurately identified. Critical time is missed.

Symptoms depend on the type of cancer your loved one has, as well as how and where it has progressed. Lumps in the abdomen, unusual bruising, headaches, mood changes, trouble eating, and fatigue are common symptoms you may see. Sounds like countless other ailments, doesn’t it? Check below for the specific information on Pediatric Cancers below.

If you suspect something is wrong, and you aren’t satisfied with answers you receive, keep pressing. Statistics say that kids presenting with many of these symptoms will not have Cancer. But statistics also say that if they do, timing is vital.

Are my other children/loved ones at risk?

This is a common concern, but as it turns out, one with little to worry about. While there are many things that are not known about Pediatric Cancer, evidence of genetic forms of Cancer are extremely rare. Most cases say there is little that you did to your loved one that caused their cancer, and it is highly unlikely that their siblings are at risk.

What is the prognosis for my loved one?

Again, prognosis on survivability and cure depend on type, timing, involvement, and location of the disease. Treatment could be minimal with excellent cure rates, or could be an uphill road with tough treatments. Consult with your physician team often during treatments as this information may change slightly. For prognosis on survivability and cure rates specific to your loved ones type of cancer, check the Pediatric Cancers section.

If my loved one survives, what are the long term affects?

Over the past 10 years, cure rates and treatments have improved. We are getting better, and if you are beginning your journey today, there is reason for HOPE. 3 in 4 children survive. Treatments have become more “dialed” to the specific needs of your loved one.

Due to the harsh nature of the treatments, there are side effects. Organ damage, senses deterioration, sterility, and in some cases, secondary cancer diagnosis are possible. Your child will be continually tested to mnitor these potential impacts, and treatments may be altered if the side effects become too much.

How can I help my loved one with Cancer?

The simple things are most important. First, have HOPE. It is not something anyone impacted wanted, but have hope that your loved one can be cured. They take their lead from you. Second, know your options, ask questions, look for help, and make the best possible decision you can for treatment. Third, make them feel “normal”. It’s not always easy, as your loved one will likely be greeted with isolation, bald heads, frequent illness, and uncomfortable stares. They may be scared, hopeless, and unsure what is happening to them. There is on right answer on what amount of “normal” is appropriate – school, friends, activities, etc – this is a family decision in consultation with your doctors. What is certain is the more normal your children feel, the more tolerable these days will be for all. Our Support section offers other ideas for you to be there for them when they need you.

How can I help Smiles from Nicholas Foundation?

Many ways! Please see the Volunteer postings page. Whether its sharing your stories, treatments, shoulder to cry on, or whether you sponsor events to raise money for better options for our kids, there are many ways that you can help. Don’t worry, if you only have a couple hours a week, we’ll have something for you. We are committed to making a difference, and cannot do that without your help